Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:smart-lamp [2022/05/06 13:02] – [Testing the Pmod BLE] Álmos Veres-Vitályostest-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:smart-lamp [2022/09/12 18:30] (current) – changed forum.digilentinc.com to forum.digilent.com Jeffrey
Line 1: Line 1:
 +====== Building a Battery Powered Smart Lamp with the Analog Discovery Pro (ADP3450/ADP3250) ======
 +~~TechArticle~~
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:app_front.jpeg?200 |}}
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +In this guide, the processes of designing and building a battery-powered, Bluetooth-connected RGB lamp will be presented. The Analog Discovery Pro in Linux mode will be used to control the final project and to debug the external circuits during the testing stage. To make sure that you have the latest Linux image running on your device, follow this guide: [[test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:recover-linux-mode|]]
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Planning =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +Before starting designing the lamp, the goals of the project must be established. The central component of the lamp is an RGB LED which should be switched on/off via an application running on a phone. Communication with the phone can be resolved using Bluetooth or Bluetooth Low Energy, but the Low Energy variant (BLE) can be easier to use in some cases, due to the custom service characteristics (more on this later). To power the lamp, a battery can be used which can be charged from the Analog Discovery Pro (the lamp can't be directly powered from the ADP, as it doesn't provide enough current).
 +
 +In this prototype, a 5 mm RGB LED will be used as the lamp, which is powered by an old phone battery, but the circuit can be scaled for higher power lamps if needed. Communication with the phone is resolved by the [[pmod:pmodble:start|]] (Bluetooth Low Energy). The [[pmod:pmodals:start|]] is used to provide feedback from the lamp and to resolve automatic switching. A full inventory of the components needed is listed below.
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Inventory =====
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +== Hardware ==
 +  * [[test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:start|Analog Discovery Pro (ADP3450/ADP3250)]]
 +  * a smartphone with Android
 +  * [[pmod:pmodble:start|]]
 +  * [[pmod:pmodals:start|]]
 +  * Lithium-Polymer (LiPo) battery cell
 +  * RGB LED
 +  * battery charger circuit
 +  * [[https://www.analog.com/en/design-center/evaluation-hardware-and-software/evaluation-boards-kits/EVAL-ADALP2000.html#eb-overview|ADALP2000 Analog Parts Kit]]
 +    * OP484 operational amplifier
 +    * 3x 1KΩ resistor
 +    * 3x 180Ω resistor
 +    * 3x 47μF capacitor
 +    * 3x 2N3904 NPN transistor
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +== Software ==
 +  * [[software:waveforms:waveforms-3:start]] (for debugging)
 +  * [[https://code.visualstudio.com/|Visual Studio Code]], or any other editor of your choice
 +  * a web browser
 +  * a terminal emulator
 +
 +**Note:** //WaveForms can be installed by following the [[software:waveforms:waveforms-3:getting-started-guide]].//
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Creating a Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for the Analog Discovery Pro =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +A Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) is a layer in programming that takes the functions controlling the hardware and makes them more abstract, by generalizing them. In this case, the hardware, the Analog Discovery Pro, is controlled using WaveForms SDK, from a Python script. WaveForms SDK requires a fair amount of stuff to happen to start using an instrument. The SDK uses the ctypes module and most instruments need several initialization functions (like dummy read/write functions in the case of some digital communication protocols) before using them. As the current project uses several instruments, some sort of module is needed to make the interaction with the hardware more straightforward.
 +
 +You can use the module presented in the [[test-and-measurement:guides:waveforms-sdk-getting-started|]] guide, or you can follow the steps presented there to write your own instrument driver module.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +/*<WRAP center round important 60%>
 +In the attached package, not all the functions were tested, so errors might appear in some cases. Use the package responsibly and feel free to modify it.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +Create a new folder and copy the **dwfconstants.py** file into it from WaveForms' installation path (usually //C:\Program Files (x86)\Digilent\WaveFormsSDK\samples\py\dwfconstants.py//). This file is needed as it contains all the constants needed for every instrument. Now create an initializer file and separate files for every instrument you want to use.
 +
 +--> Wrapper: __init__.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This file imports all the other modules and also gives a name to each one of them. Global initialization and cleanup functions are also implemented here.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" WRAPPER """
 +
 +# import every submodule
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Device as device
 +
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Supply as supply
 +
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Scope as scope
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Wavegen as wavegen
 +
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Logic as logic
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Pattern as pattern
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Pattern_static as static_pattern
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_Static as digital
 +
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_SPI as spi
 +from WaveForms_HAL import WaveForms_HAL_UART as uart
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" INITIALIZATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# synchronize submodules
 +def initialize():
 +    # connect to the device
 +    if device.connected != True:
 +        device.open()
 +        # copy device handles
 +        supply.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        scope.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        wavegen.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        logic.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        pattern.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        digital.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        spi.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +        uart.hdwf = device.hdwf
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" CLEANUP """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def close():
 +    # close the device
 +    if device.connected:
 +        # reset all instruments
 +        supply.reset()
 +        scope.reset()
 +        wavegen.reset()
 +        logic.reset()
 +        pattern.reset()
 +        static_pattern.reset()
 +        digital.reset()
 +        spi.reset()
 +        uart.reset()
 +
 +        device.close()
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> General: WaveForms_HAL_Device.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This file contains functions used for opening and closing the device and error checking. A flag showing the current connection status is also included here.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" MAIN FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +connected = False   # the current state of the device
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" ERROR CHECKING """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def check_error():
 +    # check for errors
 +    errno = c_int()  # variable for error number
 +    dwf.FDwfGetLastError(errno)  # get error number
 +
 +    # if there is an error
 +    if errno != dwfercNoErc:
 +        szerr = create_string_buffer(512)   # variable for the error message
 +        dwf.FDwfGetLastErrorMsg(szerr)  # get the error message
 +        print(str(szerr.value))  # print the error message
 +        quit()  # terminate the program
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" INITIALIZATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def open():
 +    # open the first connected device
 +    dwf.FDwfDeviceOpen(c_int(-1), byref(hdwf))
 +    # if there is a problem
 +    if hdwf.value == hdwfNone.value:
 +        # check for errors
 +        check_error()
 +    connected = True    # set connection flag
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" CLEANUP """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def close():
 +    dwf.FDwfDeviceClose(hdwf)   # close the device
 +    connected = False   # set connection flag
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Logic Analyzer: WaveForms_HAL_Logic.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This file contains functions controlling the logic analyzer. Besides the initialization and cleanup functions, the most important one is the receive_data() function, which reads the states of the digital I/O lines in a buffer according to the initialization parameters. The function accepts a parameter that specifies whether data specific to a digital I/O line should be selected from the dataset or not.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" DIGITAL INPUT FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import numpy
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +data_count = 8192   # buffer size
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" INITIALIZATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def initialize(base_frequency=100e06, buffer_size=8192):
 +    global data_count
 +    data_count = buffer_size
 +    # set internal clock frequency
 +    internal_frequency = c_double()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInInternalClockInfo(hdwf, byref(internal_frequency))
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInDividerSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +        int(internal_frequency.value / base_frequency)))
 +    # set 16-bit sample format
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInSampleFormatSet(hdwf, c_int(16))
 +    # set buffer size
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInBufferSizeSet(hdwf, c_int(buffer_size))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInReset(hdwf)    # reset the logic analyzer
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RECEIVE ALL DATA """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def receive_data(channel=None):
 +    # begin acquisition
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInConfigure(hdwf, False, True)
 +    while True:
 +        status = c_byte()
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalInStatus(hdwf, True, byref(status))
 +        if status.value == stsDone.value:
 +            # exit loop when finished
 +            break
 +
 +    # get samples
 +    buffer = (c_uint16 * data_count)()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalInStatusData(hdwf, buffer, 2 * data_count)
 +    buffer = numpy.fromiter(buffer, dtype=numpy.uint16)
 +    buffer = buffer.tolist()
 +
 +    # break out for every pin
 +    result = [[] for _ in range(16)]
 +    for data in buffer:
 +        for index in range(16):
 +            result[index].append(data & (1 << index))
 +
 +    # return only what is necessary
 +    if channel != None:
 +        return result[channel]
 +    else:
 +        return result
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Pattern Generator: WaveForms_HAL_Pattern.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +The most important part of this file is the function that generates the required signal on the required channel according to the input parameters.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" DIGITAL OUTPUT FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import WaveForms_HAL.WaveForms_HAL_Static as digital
 +import math
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +# function types
 +
 +
 +class type:
 +    pulse = DwfDigitalOutTypePulse
 +    custom = DwfDigitalOutTypeCustom
 +    random = DwfDigitalOutTypeRandom
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutReset(hdwf)    # reset the pattern generator
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" GENERATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def generate(channel, frequency, function, duty_cycle=50, data=None):
 +    # reset pin
 +    digital.stop(channel)
 +
 +    # get internal clock frequency
 +    internal_frequency = c_double()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutInternalClockInfo(hdwf, byref(internal_frequency))
 +    # get counter value range
 +    counter_limit = c_uint()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutCounterInfo(hdwf, c_int(0), 0, byref(counter_limit))
 +    # calculate the divider for the given frequency
 +    divider = int(math.ceil(internal_frequency.value /
 +                  frequency / counter_limit.value))
 +    # calculate counter steps to get the required frequency
 +    steps = int(round(internal_frequency.value / frequency / divider))
 +    # calculate steps for low and high parts of the period
 +    high_steps = int(steps * duty_cycle / 100)
 +    low_steps = int(steps - high_steps)
 +
 +    # enable the respective channel
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutEnableSet(hdwf, c_int(channel), c_int(1))
 +    # set output type
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutTypeSet(hdwf, c_int(channel), function)
 +    # set frequency
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutDividerSet(hdwf, c_int(channel), c_int(divider))
 +    if function == type.pulse:
 +        # set duty cycle
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalOutCounterSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +            channel), c_int(low_steps), c_int(high_steps))
 +    elif function == type.custom:
 +        # format data
 +        buffer = (c_ubyte * ((len(data) + 7) >> 3))(0)
 +        for index in range(len(data)):
 +            if data[index] != 0:
 +                buffer[index >> 3] |= 1 << (index & 7)
 +        # load data
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalOutDataSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +            channel), byref(buffer), c_int(len(data)))
 +
 +    # start generating the signal
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalOutConfigure(hdwf, c_int(1))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Static Pattern Generator: WaveForms_HAL_Pattern_static.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +Due to hardware limitations, if one instrument is initialized which uses a certain hardware part (like the digital I/O lines), all the other instruments which use the same hardware lose control over it, so, for example, the pattern generator, the UART master, and the SPI master instruments can't be used at the same time. However, the digital I/O lines still can be controlled in a static way, by using bitmasks.
 +
 +To make use of this possibility, this library realizes the pattern generator functions using the static I/O instrument instead of the pattern generator. While this module can be used at the same time as other digital instruments, it has a very limited speed, which is not enough for the scope of this project.
 +
 +The current version of this module uses multithreading to realize several operations in parallel (actually the processor just switches very fast between the tasks). 
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" DIGITAL OUTPUT FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +import WaveForms_HAL.WaveForms_HAL_Static as digital
 +import time
 +import threading
 +import random
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# list for processes
 +processes = [None, None, None, None,
 +             None, None, None, None,
 +             None, None, None, None,
 +             None, None, None, None]
 +
 +
 +# class containing all channel parameters
 +class channel_data:
 +    frequency = None
 +    duty_cycle = None
 +    signal_data = None
 +    function_type = None
 +    thread = None
 +    stop = None
 +
 +
 +# function types
 +class type:
 +    pulse = 0
 +    custom = 1
 +    random = 2
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # stop all threads
 +    for index in range(16):
 +        stop(index)
 +
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    digital.reset()    # reset the pattern generator
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" STOP GENERATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def stop(channel):
 +    global processes
 +
 +    # stop the generation
 +    if processes[channel] != None:
 +        processes[channel].stop = True
 +        processes[channel].thread.join()
 +    processes[channel] = None
 +
 +    # reset the pin
 +    digital.stop(channel)
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SET GENERATION DATA """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def generate(channel, frequency, function, duty_cycle=None, data=None):
 +    global processes
 +
 +    # stop running thread
 +    if processes[channel] != None:
 +        stop(channel)
 +
 +    # set pin as output
 +    digital.set_output(channel)
 +
 +    # save current channel data
 +    current_ch = channel_data()
 +    current_ch.frequency = frequency
 +    current_ch.duty_cycle = duty_cycle
 +    current_ch.signal_data = data
 +    current_ch.function_type = function
 +    current_ch.stop = False
 +    current_ch.thread = threading.Thread(target=channel_handler, args=(channel,))
 +
 +    # update data table
 +    processes[channel] = current_ch
 +
 +    # start thread
 +    processes[channel].thread.start()
 +
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" CHANNEL HANDLER FUNCTION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def channel_handler(channel):
 +    global processes
 +
 +    loop_index = 0
 +
 +    # start looping
 +    while processes[channel].stop != True:
 +
 +        # measure start time
 +        start_time = time.time()
 +
 +        if processes[channel].function_type == type.pulse:
 +            # calculate waiting times
 +            period = 1 / processes[channel].frequency
 +            high_period = period * processes[channel].duty_cycle / 100
 +            low_period = period - high_period
 +            # generate low cycle
 +            digital.write(channel, False)
 +            # wait
 +            duration = time.time() - start_time
 +            if duration < low_period:
 +                time.sleep(low_period - duration)
 +            # record starting time
 +            start_time = time.time()
 +            # generate high cycle
 +            digital.write(channel, True)
 +            # wait
 +            duration = time.time() - start_time
 +            if duration < high_period:
 +                time.sleep(high_period - duration)
 +        
 +        elif processes[channel].function_type == type.custom:
 +            # generate custom signal
 +            data = processes[channel].signal_data
 +            digital.write(channel, data[loop_index % len(data)])
 +            # wait
 +            duration = time.time() - start_time
 +            period = 1 / processes[channel].frequency
 +            if duration < period:
 +                time.sleep(period - duration)
 +
 +        else:
 +            # generate random signal
 +            digital.write(channel, random.choice([True, False]))
 +            # wait
 +            duration = time.time() - start_time
 +            period = 1 / processes[channel].frequency
 +            if duration < period:
 +                time.sleep(period - duration)
 +
 +        # increment loop index
 +        loop_index += 1
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Oscilloscope: WaveForms_HAL_Scope.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This file contains functions that can command the oscilloscope to measure voltages on a specified channel or to fill a buffer with the recorded data point according to the settings with which the instrument was initialized.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" ANALOG INPUT FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import numpy
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +# triggering flag
 +trigger = False
 +# buffer size
 +data_count = 8192
 +
 +# possible trigger options
 +
 +
 +class trig:
 +    # sources
 +    class src:
 +        no = (trigsrcNone, )
 +        scope_ch = [(trigsrcDetectorAnalogIn, 0), (trigsrcDetectorAnalogIn, 1),
 +                    (trigsrcDetectorAnalogIn, 2), (trigsrcDetectorAnalogIn, 3)]
 +        digital_ch = [(trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 0), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 1),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 2), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 3),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 4), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 5),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 6), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 7),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 8), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 9),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 10), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 11),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 12), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 13),
 +                      (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 14), (trigsrcDetectorDigitalIn, 15)]
 +        external_ch = [(trigsrcExternal1, ), (trigsrcExternal2, ),
 +                       (trigsrcExternal3, ), (trigsrcExternal4, )]
 +    # types
 +
 +    class type:
 +        edge = trigtypeEdge
 +        pulse = trigtypePulse
 +        transition = trigtypeTransition
 +    # edges
 +
 +    class edge:
 +        rising = trigcondRisingPositive
 +        falling = trigcondFallingNegative
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" INITIALIZATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def initialize(offset=0, range=10, buffer_size=8192, frequency=20e06, trigger=False, trigger_src=trig.src.no, trigger_type=trig.type.edge, trigger_timeout=0, trigger_lvl=0, trigger_edge=trig.edge.rising):
 +    global data_count
 +    data_count = buffer_size
 +    # enable all channels
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInChannelEnableSet(hdwf, c_int(0), c_bool(True))
 +    # set offset voltage
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInChannelOffsetSet(hdwf, c_int(0), c_double(offset))
 +    # set range
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInChannelRangeSet(hdwf, c_int(0), c_double(range / 2))
 +    # set the buffer size
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInBufferSizeSet(hdwf, c_int(buffer_size))
 +    # set the acquisition frequency
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInFrequencySet(hdwf, c_double(frequency))
 +    # disable averaging
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInChannelFilterSet(hdwf, c_int(-1), filterDecimate)
 +
 +    # set up triggering
 +    if trigger:
 +        # enable/disable auto triggering
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogInTriggerAutoTimeoutSet(hdwf, c_double(trigger_timeout))
 +        # set trigger source
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogInTriggerSourceSet(hdwf, trigger_src[0])
 +        if trigger_src[1] != None:
 +            dwf.FDwfAnalogInTriggerChannelSet(hdwf, c_int(trigger_src[1]))
 +        # set trigger type
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogInTriggerTypeSet(hdwf, trigger_type)
 +        # set trigger level
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogInTriggerLevelSet(hdwf, c_double(trigger_lvl))
 +        # set trigger edge
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogInTriggerConditionSet(hdwf, trigger_edge)
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInReset(hdwf)  # reset the oscilloscope
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" MEASURE VOLTAGE """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def measure(channel):
 +    # set up the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInConfigure(hdwf, c_bool(False), c_bool(False))
 +    # read data to buffer
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInStatus(hdwf, False, None)
 +    # extract data from buffer
 +    voltage = c_double()
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInStatusSample(hdwf, c_int(channel - 1), byref(voltage))
 +    return voltage.value
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RECEIVE DATA """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def receive(channel):
 +    # set up the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInConfigure(hdwf, c_bool(False), c_bool(True))
 +    # read data to buffer
 +    while True:
 +        status = c_byte()
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogInStatus(hdwf, True, byref(status))
 +        if status.value == DwfStateDone.value:
 +            # exit loop when ready
 +            break
 +
 +    # copy buffer
 +    buffer = (c_double * data_count)()
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogInStatusData(hdwf, c_int(channel - 1), buffer, data_count)
 +
 +    # convert list
 +    buffer = numpy.fromiter(buffer, dtype=numpy.float)
 +    buffer = buffer.tolist()
 +    return buffer
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Master: WaveForms_HAL_SPI.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +The Analog Discovery Pro can initiate SPI communication on any of the digital pins, after which it can exchange data with the connected slave device.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" SPI FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +# endianness
 +
 +
 +class bit_order:
 +    MSB_first = 1
 +    LSB_first = 0
 +
 +# pins
 +
 +
 +class pins:
 +    cs = None
 +    sck = None
 +    mosi = None
 +    miso = None
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SPI INITIALIZATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def initialize(cs_pin, sck_pin, miso_pin=None, mosi_pin=None, frequency=1e06, mode=0, order=bit_order.MSB_first):
 +    # save pin numbers globally
 +    pins.cs = cs_pin
 +    pins.sck = sck_pin
 +    pins.mosi = mosi_pin
 +    pins.miso = miso_pin
 +
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiFrequencySet(hdwf, c_double(
 +        frequency))   # set the clock frequency
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiClockSet(hdwf, c_int(sck_pin))    # set the clock pin
 +
 +    if mosi_pin != None:
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiDataSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +            0), c_int(mosi_pin))  # set the mosi pin
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiIdleSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +            0), DwfDigitalOutIdleZet)  # set the initial state
 +    if miso_pin != None:
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiDataSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +            1), c_int(miso_pin))  # set the miso pin
 +        dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiIdleSet(hdwf, c_int(
 +            1), DwfDigitalOutIdleZet)  # set the initial state
 +
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiModeSet(hdwf, c_int(mode))    # set the SPI mode
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiOrderSet(hdwf, c_int(order))  # set endianness
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(
 +        cs_pin), c_int(1))  # set the cs pin HIGH
 +
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiWriteOne(hdwf, c_int(
 +        1), c_int(0), c_int(0))  # dummy write
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiReset(hdwf)   # reset the SPI interface
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SPI SENDING """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def send(data):
 +    # cast data
 +    if type(data) == int:
 +        data = "".join(chr(data))
 +    elif type(data) == list:
 +        data = "".join(chr(element) for element in data)
 +
 +    # enable the chip select line
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(pins.cs), c_int(0))
 +
 +    # create buffer to write
 +    data = (c_ubyte * len(data))(*[c_ubyte(ord(character)) for character in data])
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiWrite(hdwf, c_int(1), c_int(8), data, c_int(
 +        len(data)))  # write array of 8 bit elements
 +
 +    # disable the chip select line
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(pins.cs), c_int(1))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SPI RECEIVING """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def receive(count):
 +    # enable the chip select line
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(pins.cs), c_int(0))
 +
 +    # create buffer to store data
 +    buffer = (c_ubyte*count)()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiRead(hdwf, c_int(1), c_int(8), buffer, c_int(
 +        len(buffer)))  # read array of 8 bit elements
 +
 +    # disable the chip select line
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(pins.cs), c_int(1))
 +
 +    # decode data
 +    data = [str(bin(element))[2:] for element in buffer]
 +    data = [int(element, 2) for element in data]
 +    data = "".join(chr(element) for element in data)
 +
 +    return data
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SPI EXCHANGE """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def exchange(data, count):
 +    # cast data
 +    if type(data) == int:
 +        data = "".join(chr(data))
 +    elif type(data) == list:
 +        data = "".join(chr(element) for element in data)
 +
 +    # enable the chip select line
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(pins.cs), c_int(0))
 +
 +    # create buffer to write
 +    tx_buff = (c_ubyte * len(data)).from_buffer_copy(data)
 +    # create buffer to store data
 +    rx_buff = (c_ubyte*count)()
 +
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiWriteRead(hdwf, c_int(1), c_int(8), tx_buff, c_int(
 +        len(tx_buff)), rx_buff, c_int(len(rx_buff)))  # write to MOSI and read from MISO
 +
 +    # decode data
 +    data = [str(bin(element))[2:] for element in rx_buff]
 +    data = [int(element, 2) for element in data]
 +    data = "".join(chr(element) for element in data)
 +
 +    # disable the chip select line
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalSpiSelect(hdwf, c_int(pins.cs), c_int(1))
 +    return data
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Static I/O: WaveForms_HAL_Static.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This module can read/write the state of a digital I/O line and can set the line as input, or output.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" DIGITAL I/O FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOReset(hdwf)    # reset the digital I/O
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET PIN """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def stop(pin):
 +    # set pin to LOW
 +    write(pin, False)
 +    # disable static I/O
 +    set_output(pin, False)
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" READING A DIGITAL PIN """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def read(pin):
 +    # read a digital pin
 +    # load internal buffer with current state of the pins
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOStatus(hdwf)
 +    data = c_uint32()  # variable for this current state
 +    # get the current state of the pins
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOInputStatus(hdwf, byref(data))
 +    # convert the state to a 16 character binary string
 +    data = list(bin(data.value)[2:].zfill(16))
 +
 +    # check the required bit
 +    if data[15 - pin] != "0":
 +        # if it is one, return True (HIGH)
 +        return True
 +    else:
 +        # else return False (LOW)
 +        return False
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SETTING A DIGITAL PIN AS OUTPUT """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def set_output(pin, state=True):
 +    # set a pin as output
 +    # load current state of the output enable buffer
 +    mask = c_uint16()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOOutputEnableGet(hdwf, byref(mask))
 +
 +    # set bit mask
 +    mask = set_mask(pin, mask, state)
 +
 +    # set the pin to output
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOOutputEnableSet(hdwf, c_int(mask))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" WRITING A DIGITAL PIN """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def write(pin, state):
 +    # set a pin as output
 +    # load current state of the output state buffer
 +    mask = c_uint16()
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOOutputGet(hdwf, byref(mask))
 +
 +    # set bit mask
 +    mask = set_mask(pin, mask, state)
 +
 +    # set the pin state
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalIOOutputSet(hdwf, c_int(mask))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" SET MASK """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def set_mask(pin, mask, value):
 +    # convert to list
 +    mask = list(bin(mask.value)[2:].zfill(16))
 +
 +    # set bit
 +    if value:
 +        mask[15 - pin] = "1"
 +    else:
 +        mask[15 - pin] = "0"
 +
 +    # convert to number
 +    mask = "".join(element for element in mask)
 +    mask = int(mask, 2)
 +    return mask
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Supplies: WaveForms_HAL_Supply.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This module can turn on/off the 3.3V power supply
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" POWER SUPPLY FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogIOReset(hdwf)  # reset the power supplies
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" COMMANDING THE POWER SUPPLIES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def switch(state):
 +    # start/stop the power supplies
 +    # set the output voltage to 3.3V
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogIOChannelNodeSet(hdwf, c_int(0), c_int(0), c_double(3.3))
 +    # start/stop the supplies
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogIOEnableSet(hdwf, c_int(state))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) Master: WaveForms_HAL_UART.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This module can be used to initialize UART communication on any of the digital I/O lines, then send/receive data on those lines.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" UART FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +# possible parity settings
 +
 +
 +class parity:
 +    none = 0
 +    odd = 1
 +    even = 2
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" UART INITIALIZATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def initialize(rx_pin, tx_pin, baud_rate=9600, parity=parity.none, data_bits=8, stop_bits=1):
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartRateSet(hdwf, c_double(baud_rate))  # set baud rate
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartTxSet(hdwf, c_int(tx_pin))  # set tx pin
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartRxSet(hdwf, c_int(rx_pin))  # set rx pin
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartBitsSet(hdwf, c_int(data_bits))  # set data bit count
 +    # set parity bit requirements
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartParitySet(hdwf, c_int(parity))
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartStopSet(hdwf, c_double(stop_bits))  # set stop bit count
 +
 +    # initialize tx with idle levels
 +    reset_tx()
 +    reset_rx()
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartReset(hdwf)   # reset the UART interface
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET RX """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset_rx():
 +    # initialize rx (dummy receive)
 +    dummy_buffer = c_int(0)
 +    dummy_parity_flag = c_int(0)
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartRx(hdwf, None, c_int(0), byref(dummy_buffer), byref(
 +        dummy_parity_flag))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET TX """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset_tx():
 +    # initialize tx with idle level (dummy send)
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartTx(hdwf, None, c_int(0))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" UART SENDING """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def send(data):
 +    # cast data
 +    if type(data) == int:
 +        data = "".join(chr(data))
 +    elif type(data) == list:
 +        data = "".join(chr(element) for element in data)
 +
 +    # encode the string into a string buffer
 +    data = create_string_buffer(data.encode("UTF-8"))
 +
 +    # send text, trim zero ending
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartTx(hdwf, data, c_int(sizeof(data)-1))
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" UART RECEIVING """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def receive(chunk="", error="no error"):
 +    data = create_string_buffer(8193)   # create empty string buffer
 +    count = c_int(0)    # character counter
 +    parity_flag = c_int(0)    # parity check result
 +    dwf.FDwfDigitalUartRx(hdwf, data, c_int(
 +        sizeof(data)-1), byref(count), byref(parity_flag))  # read up to 8k characters
 +
 +    if count.value > 0:
 +        data[count.value] = 0  # add zero ending
 +        # make a string from the string buffer
 +        data = list(data.value)
 +        data = "".join(chr(element) for element in data)
 +
 +        # attach previous data
 +        data = chunk + data
 +
 +        # decode parity check results
 +        if parity_flag.value == 0 and error == "no error":
 +            parity_flag = "no error"
 +        elif parity_flag.value < 0:
 +            parity_flag = "buffer overflow"
 +        elif parity_flag.value > 0:
 +            parity_flag = "parity error: {}".format(parity_flag.value)
 +        else:
 +            parity_flag = error
 +
 +        # propagate previous results
 +        data, parity_flag = receive(chunk=data, error=parity_flag)
 +
 +    else:
 +        data = chunk
 +        parity_flag = error
 +
 +    return data, parity_flag
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +--> Waveform Generator: WaveForms_HAL_Wavegen.py #
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +This module can be used to generate analog signals with the required parameters. Possible functions are also present in the module as class members.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +<code python>
 +""" This module realizes communication with the Analog Discovery Pro using the WaveForms SDK"""
 +
 +""" ANALOG OUTPUT FUNCTIONS """
 +
 +# import necessary modules
 +from ctypes import *
 +from WaveForms_HAL.dwfconstants import *
 +import sys
 +if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
 +    dwf = cdll.dwf
 +elif sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("/Library/Frameworks/dwf.framework/dwf")
 +else:
 +    dwf = cdll.LoadLibrary("libdwf.so")
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" VARIABLES """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +# global variables
 +hdwf = c_int()  # device handle
 +
 +# function types
 +
 +
 +class type:
 +    custom = funcCustom
 +    sine = funcSine
 +    square = funcSquare
 +    triangle = funcTriangle
 +    noise = funcNoise
 +    dc = funcDC
 +    pulse = funcPulse
 +    trapezium = funcTrapezium
 +    sine_power = funcSinePower
 +
 +    class ramp:
 +        up = funcRampUp
 +        down = funcRampDown
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" RESET """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def reset():
 +    # reset the instrument
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutReset(hdwf)  # reset the waveform generator
 +    return
 +
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +""" GENERATION """
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +
 +def generate(channel, function, amplitude, frequency=1e03, symmetry=50, offset=0, data=None, run_time=0, wait_time=0, repeat_time=0):
 +    # enable channel
 +    channel -= 1
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeEnableSet(
 +        hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, c_bool(True))
 +    # set function type
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeFunctionSet(
 +        hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, function)
 +    if function == type.custom:
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeDataSet(
 +            hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, data, len(data))
 +    # set frequency
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeFrequencySet(
 +        hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, c_double(frequency))
 +    # set amplitude
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeAmplitudeSet(
 +        hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, c_double(amplitude))
 +    # set offset
 +    if function == type.dc:
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeOffsetSet(
 +            hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, c_double(amplitude))
 +    else:
 +        dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeOffsetSet(
 +            hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, c_double(offset))
 +    # set symmetry
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutNodeSymmetrySet(
 +        hdwf, channel, AnalogOutNodeCarrier, c_double(symmetry))
 +
 +    # set running time limit
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutRunSet(hdwf, channel, c_double(run_time))
 +    # set wait time before start
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutWaitSet(hdwf, channel, c_double(wait_time))
 +    # set number of repeating cycles
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutRepeatSet(hdwf, channel, c_int(repeat_time))
 +
 +    # start
 +    dwf.FDwfAnalogOutConfigure(hdwf, channel, c_bool(True))
 +    return
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +</code>
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +</WRAP>*/
 +
 +----
 +
 +===== Creating a Module for the Pmods =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +The Pmod drivers will be created in a similar way to the HAL, but will use it to control the hardware. Download the respective files, then continue at the next section.
 +
 +As the Pmod BLE communicates via UART, the read and write functions will be implemented in two ways: one method uses the UART instrument to send and receive data, the other uses the logic analyzer and the pattern generator instruments to implement UART communication. This way the device will be able to use the "less smart" method not to interrupt PWM generation for the LEDs. The module can be downloaded {{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:pmod_ble.zip |here}}.
 +
 +The Pmod ALS communicates via SPI, but along the read and write functions which use the protocol instrument, alternate functions using the static I/O instrument must be implemented for the same reasons. The module can be downloaded {{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:pmod_als.zip |here}}.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP center round important 60%>
 +In the attached packages, not all the functions were tested, so errors might appear in some cases. Use the package on your own responsibility and feel free to modify it.
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +==== Testing the Pmods ====
 +<WRAP group>
 +To make sure that the previously created Python modules works (and to provide examples for later usage), they should be tested.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Testing the Pmod BLE ^#
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +To be able to test the Pmod, download the [[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.macdom.ble.blescanner|BLE Scanner]] application to your phone. Run the Python script, then start the application. It will ask you to turn on Bluetooth and location. After some time, you should see the Pmod BLE appearing in the scanner.
 +
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:ble_test_device.jpeg?200 |}}
 +
 +<WRAP center round important 90%>
 +Note the long code (MAC address) below the name of the device. It will be important later.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +Connect to it, then open **Custom Service** and tap the **N** (notify) icon in the first custom characteristic. You should see system messages appearing in the output stream of the Python script. Also, the "got it" message should appear at the custom characteristic. To send data, tap the **W** icon and type in your message.
 +
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:ble_test_services.jpeg?200 |}}
 +
 +<WRAP center round important 90%>
 +Note the long code (UUID) of the service and the characteristic you are using. It will be important later.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column><code python>
 +""" To test the Pmod BLE, all messages received on Bluetooth are displayed, the string "ok" is sent as a response. """
 + 
 +# import modules
 +import Pmod_BLE as ble
 +import WF_SDK as wf # import WaveForms instruments
 + 
 +# define pins
 +ble.pins.tx = 4
 +ble.pins.rx = 3
 +ble.pins.rst = 5
 +ble.pins.status = 6
 +
 +# turn on messages
 +ble.settings.DEBUG = True
 + 
 +try:
 +    # initialize the interface
 +    device_data = wf.device.open()
 +    # check for connection errors
 +    wf.device.check_error(device_data)
 +    ble.open()
 +    ble.reset(rx_mode="uart", tx_mode="uart", reopen=True)
 +    ble.reboot()
 + 
 +    while True:
 +        # check connection status
 +        if ble.get_status():
 +            # receive data
 +            data, sys_msg, error = ble.read(blocking=True, rx_mode="logic", reopen=False)
 +            # display data and system messages
 +            if data != "":
 +                print("data: " + data)  # display it
 +                ble.write_data("ok", tx_mode="pattern", reopen=False)  # and send response
 +            elif sys_msg != "":
 +                print("system: " + sys_msg)
 +            elif error != "":
 +                print("error: " + error)    # display the error
 + 
 +except KeyboardInterrupt:
 +    pass
 +finally:
 +    # close the device
 +    ble.close(reset=True)
 +    wf.device.close(device_data)
 +</code></WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Testing the Pmod ALS ^#
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +Use the flashlight of a phone to illuminate the sensor while the script is running. Use your hand to cover it to test it in dark.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column><code python>
 +""" To test the Pmod ALS, the ambient light intensity is read and displayed continuously. """
 +
 +# import modules
 +import Pmod_ALS as als
 +import WF_SDK as wf # import WaveForms instruments
 +from time import sleep
 +
 +# define pins
 +als.pins.cs = 8
 +als.pins.sdo = 9
 +als.pins.sck = 10
 +
 +try:
 +    # initialize the interface
 +    device_data = wf.device.open()
 +    # check for connection errors
 +    wf.device.check_error(device_data)
 +    als.open()
 +
 +    while True:
 +        # display measurements
 +        light = als.read_percent(rx_mode="static", reopen=True)
 +        print("static: " + str(light) + "%")
 +        light = als.read_percent(rx_mode="spi", reopen=True)
 +        print("spi: " + str(light) + "%")
 +        sleep(0.5)
 +
 +except KeyboardInterrupt:
 +    pass
 +finally:
 +    # close the device
 +    als.close(reset=True)
 +    wf.device.close(device_data)
 +</code></WRAP></WRAP>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Building the Application =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +To build an Android application, the [[https://appinventor.mit.edu/|MIT App Inventor]] web tool will be used. Open the site, create a new user, then start a new project. First, create the user interface of the application by drag and dropping user interface elements onto the virtual phone. Use the companion app on your real phone to see how the user interface will look. Alternatively, you can download and import the already created {{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:digilent_lamp_controller_project.zip |project file}}, or just download and install on your phone the final {{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:digilent_lamp_controller_apk.zip |application}}.
 +
 +--> QR Code for the Application #
 +<WRAP group>{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:smart-lamp-controller-apk.png?700 |}}</WRAP>
 +<--
 +
 +For this application, a switch, three sliders, and several labels are needed. Use the //Horizontal Arrangement// and //Vertical Arrangement// blocks from the //Layout// menu to arrange everything on the screen.
 +
 +When you are ready, find the //Extension// menu and import the [[https://appinventor2.droidim.com/mdocs-posts/bluetooth-low-energy-by-mit|Bluetooth Low Energy by MIT]] extension. Drag and drop a BLE component on the screen of the virtual phone.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:app_builder_front.png?600 |}}
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +When you are finished with the user interface, enter Block view. Here use the puzzle pieces to create the logic backbone of your application. Define what happens when the user touches a slider/switch/label, when the Bluetooth module connects/disconnects/receives a message. Define what data do you want to send and how to decode the received information. If you have never created an application before, this is a great way to start.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:app_builder_back.png?600 |}}
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Tips and Tricks #
 +<WRAP center round tip 80%>
 +Use comments on the pieces (small blue circles with a question mark) to make your "code" easy to understand.
 +</WRAP>
 +<WRAP center round tip 80%>
 +In this editor, every separate puzzle piece runs as an interrupt. Use this to your advantage.
 +</WRAP>
 +<WRAP center round tip 80%>
 +Hiding a component and invisible components can be useful. You can use an invisible error message, which is made visible only if an error appears, then hide it again using a timer interrupt, to display connection problems - this can be extremely useful during debugging.
 +</WRAP>
 +<WRAP center round tip 80%>
 +To easily access the BLE device, service and characteristic you need, use the **MAC address**, **Service UUID** and **Characteristic UUID** obtained previously. If you don't have those, you can find the addresses by following this step: [[test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:smart-lamp#testing_the_modules|Testing the Pmod BLE]].
 +</WRAP>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +When you are ready, build the application and install it on your phone. To install it, you must enable installation from unknown sources. After installing the app, you might encounter warning messages from Google Play Protect, but just ignore them.
 +</WRAP>
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Hardware Setup =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +=== Connecting the PMODs ===
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +Connect the Pmod ALS and the Pmod BLE to the digital lines of the Analog Discovery Pro. Note the connections as you will have to define them in the code.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:pmods_to_adp3450_v2.png?400 |}}
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +
 +=== Building the LED Driver ===
 +<WRAP group>
 +To have a more linear control of brightness, not the voltage falling on a LED, but the current through it must be controlled. As the ADP3450 doesn't have current supplies, a voltage controlled current sink has to be built for each color of the RGB LED. The control voltages for these current sinks can be provided by three digital lines, by generating PWM signals and connecting these signals to low-pass filters. In the circuit below, the current through the LED is proportional to the duty cycle of the control signal: $I_{LED}=\frac{D}{100}\frac{V_{CC}}{R_{SET}}$. Don't forget to calculate the power dissipation on the set resistor and choose the resistor accordingly!
 +
 +You can use the quad op-amp to implement all three current sinks.
 +</WRAP>
 +<WRAP group><html>
 +<iframe width="100%" height="600" src="https://www.multisim.com/content/HQu9BSDScJjweQxMkYzrEe/led-driver/open"></iframe>
 +</html></WRAP>
 +
 +=== Connecting the Charger Circuit ===
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +Connect the charger circuit to one USB port in the back of the Analog Discovery Pro, then to the battery and the RGB LEDs.
 +
 +To be able to measure the voltage of the battery cell, connect the first oscilloscope channel to the negative lead of the battery and the second channel to the positive lead. As the scope channels have a common reference, the difference between the two measurements will give the battery voltage. To check if the charger is connected, or not, connect one scope channel to the input of the charger.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:charger_to_adp3450.png?600 |}}
 +</WRAP></WRAP>
 +/*
 +=== Connecting the RGB LED ===
 +<WRAP group><WRAP half column>
 +Finally, connect the RGB LED (and the current limiting resistors calculated to your LED) between the positive lead of the battery and the remaining three MOSFETs of the Pmod OD1. In this circuit, only RGB LEDs with separate anodes and cathodes, or with a common anode and separate cathodes can be used.
 +</WRAP><WRAP half column>
 +{{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:rgb_led_bb.png?600 |}}
 +</WRAP></WRAP>*/
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Software Setup =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +In the following, the structure of the main program file will be detailed. You can follow this guide to write your own control program based on the instructions given here, or you can download the script {{ :test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:lamp_controller.zip |here}}.
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +To be able to use all the previously created modules, you must import them into your script.
 +
 +To make your code more readable and easier to debug, it is good practice to name your connections (so you don't have to keep in mind which digital, or analog channel is used for what).
 +
 +Also define every important constant at the beginning of your script. If you initialize these values at the start of your code, it will be easier to modify them during tuning the finished project.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Importing the Modules, Defining Connections and Constants #
 +<code python>
 +""" Control an RGB LED with the ADP3450 """
 +
 +# import modules
 +import Pmod_BLE as ble
 +import Pmod_ALS as als
 +import WF_SDK as wf
 +from time import time
 +
 +# define connections
 +# PMOD BLE pins
 +ble.pins.rx = 3
 +ble.pins.tx = 4
 +ble.pins.rst = 5
 +ble.pins.status = 6
 +# PMOD ALS pins
 +als.pins.cs = 8
 +als.pins.sdo = 9
 +als.pins.sck = 10
 +# scope channels
 +SC_BAT_P = 1
 +SC_BAT_N = 2
 +SC_CHARGE = 4
 +# LED colors
 +LED_R = 0
 +LED_G = 1
 +LED_B = 2
 +
 +# other parameters
 +scope_average = 10  # how many measurements to average with the scope
 +light_average = 10  # how many measurements to average with the light sensor
 +led_pwm_frequency = 1e03    # in Hz
 +out_data_update = 10    # output data update time [s]
 +ble.settings.DEBUG = True   # turn on messages from Pmod BLE
 +als.settings.DEBUG = True   # turn on messages from Pmod ALS
 +DEBUG = True                # turn on messages
 +
 +# encoding prefixes
 +pre_red = 0b11
 +pre_green = 0b10
 +pre_blue = 0b01
 +pre_bat = 0b11
 +pre_charge = 0b10
 +pre_light = 0b01
 +
 +class flags:
 +    red = 0
 +    green = 0
 +    blue = 0
 +    last_red = -1
 +    last_green = -1
 +    last_blue = -1
 +    start_time = 0
 +</code>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +Some auxiliary functions might be needed as well, which will be used later in the script. Use these functions to make the script easier to read.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Auxiliary Functions #
 +<code python>
 +def rgb_led(red, green, blue, device_data):
 +    """
 +        define the LED color in precentage
 +    """
 +    wf.pattern.generate(device_data, LED_R, wf.pattern.function.pulse, led_pwm_frequency, duty_cycle=red)
 +    wf.pattern.generate(device_data, LED_G, wf.pattern.function.pulse, led_pwm_frequency, duty_cycle=green)
 +    wf.pattern.generate(device_data, LED_B, wf.pattern.function.pulse, led_pwm_frequency, duty_cycle=blue)
 +    return
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +def decode(data):
 +    """
 +        decode incoming Bluetooth data
 +    """
 +    # convert to list
 +    for character in list(data):
 +        # convert character to integer
 +        character = ord(character)
 +        # check prefixes and extract content
 +        if character & 0xC0 == pre_red << 6:
 +            flags.red = round((character & 0x3F) / 0x3F * 100)
 +        elif character & 0xC0 == pre_green << 6:
 +            flags.green = round((character & 0x3F) / 0x3F * 100)
 +        elif character & 0xC0 == pre_blue << 6:
 +            flags.blue = round((character & 0x3F) / 0x3F * 100)
 +        else:
 +            pass
 +    return
 +
 +"""-------------------------------------------------------------------"""
 +
 +def encode(data, prefix, lim_max, lim_min=0):
 +    """
 +        encode real numbers between lim_min and lim_max
 +    """
 +    try:
 +        # clamp between min and max limits
 +        data = max(min(data, lim_max), lim_min)
 +        # map between 0b000000 and 0b111111
 +        data = (data - lim_min) / (lim_max - lim_min) * 0x3F
 +        # append prefix
 +        data = (int(data) & 0x3F) | (prefix << 6)
 +        return data
 +    except:
 +        return 0
 +</code>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +The "body" of the script is inserted in a try-except structure. This structure runs the code sequence in the "try" block, and if an error (exception) occurs, handles it as defined in the "except" block. In this case the "except" block is empty (the script just finishes when the Ctrl+C combination is pressed), but it is followed by a "finally" block, which runs only once, when the try-except structure is exited. Here, the cleanup procedure can be executed, which will be discussed later.
 +
 +To be able to use the instruments, you must initialize the HAL created previously, as well as the modules controlling the PMODs. After everything is initialized, turn off the lamp.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Initialization #
 +<code python>
 +try:
 +    # initialize the interface
 +    device_data = wf.device.open()
 +    # check for connection errors
 +    wf.device.check_error(device_data)
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print(device_data.name + " connected")
 +    # start the power supplies
 +    supplies_data = wf.supplies.data()
 +    supplies_data.master_state = True
 +    supplies_data.state = True
 +    supplies_data.voltage = 3.3
 +    wf.supplies.switch(device_data, supplies_data)
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print("power supplies started")
 +    # initialize the light sensor
 +    als.open()
 +    # initialize the Bluetooth module
 +    ble.open()
 +    ble.reboot()
 +    
 +    # turn off the lamp
 +    rgb_led(0, 0, 0, device_data)
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print("entering main loop")
 +</code>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +The main part of the script is run in an endless loop, which can be exited only by a keyboard interrupt. The main loop first handles the received data: the script decodes it, then sets the color and brightness of the lamp accordingly. The next section checks if the internal timer signals the end of the update period, reads the light intensity from the Pmod ALS, the battery voltage and the state of the charger (connected/disconnected), then sends these information to the application.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Main Loop: Receiving Data #
 +<code python>
 +    while True:
 +        if ble.get_status():
 +            # process the data and set lamp color
 +            data, sys_msg, error = ble.read(blocking=True, rx_mode="logic", reopen=False)
 +            if len(data) > 0:
 +                # decode incoming data
 +                decode(data)
 +                # set the color
 +                if flags.red != flags.last_red:
 +                    flags.last_red = flags.red
 +                    rgb_led(flags.red, flags.green, flags.blue, device_data)
 +                    if DEBUG:
 +                        print("red: " + str(flags.red) + "%")
 +                elif flags.green != flags.last_green:
 +                    flags.last_green = flags.green
 +                    rgb_led(flags.red, flags.green, flags.blue, device_data)
 +                    if DEBUG:
 +                        print("green: " + str(flags.green) + "%")
 +                elif flags.last_blue != flags.blue:
 +                    flags.last_blue = flags.blue
 +                    rgb_led(flags.red, flags.green, flags.blue, device_data)
 +                    if DEBUG:
 +                        print("blue: " + str(flags.blue) + "%")
 +</code>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Main Loop: Sending Data #
 +<code python>
 +        if ble.get_status():
 +            # check timing
 +            duration = time() - flags.start_time
 +            if duration >= out_data_update:
 +                # save current time
 +                flags.start_time = time()
 +                # measure the light intensity
 +                light = 0
 +                for _ in range(light_average):
 +                    light += als.read_percent(rx_mode="static", reopen=False)
 +                light /= light_average
 +
 +                # encode and send the light intensity
 +                light = encode(light, pre_light, 100)
 +                ble.write_data(light, tx_mode="pattern", reopen=False)
 +
 +                # read battery voltage
 +                batt_n = 0
 +                batt_p = 0
 +                for _ in range(scope_average):
 +                    batt_n += wf.scope.measure(device_data, SC_BAT_N)
 +                batt_n /= scope_average
 +                for _ in range(scope_average):
 +                    batt_p += wf.scope.measure(device_data, SC_BAT_P)
 +                batt_p /= scope_average
 +                battery_voltage = batt_p - batt_n
 +
 +                # encode and send voltage
 +                battery_voltage = encode(battery_voltage, pre_bat, 5)
 +                ble.write_data(battery_voltage, tx_mode="pattern", reopen=False)
 +
 +                # read charger state
 +                charger_voltage = 0
 +                for _ in range(scope_average):
 +                    charger_voltage += wf.scope.measure(device_data, SC_CHARGE)
 +                charger_voltage /= scope_average
 +
 +                # encode and send voltage
 +                charger_voltage = encode(charger_voltage, pre_charge, 5)
 +                ble.write_data(charger_voltage, tx_mode="pattern", reopen=False)
 +        else:
 +            rgb_led(0, 0, 0, device_data)
 +</code>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +When the script is finished, turn off the lamp, then close and reset the used instruments and disconnect from the device.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +<WRAP group>
 +--> Cleanup #
 +<code python>
 +except KeyboardInterrupt:
 +    # exit on Ctrl+C
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print("keyboard interrupt detected")
 +
 +finally:
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print("closing used instruments")
 +    # turn off the lamp
 +    rgb_led(0, 0, 0, device_data)
 +    # close PMODs
 +    ble.close(True)
 +    als.close(True)
 +    # stop and reset the power supplies
 +    supplies_data = wf.supplies.data()
 +    supplies_data.master_state = False
 +    supplies_data.state = False
 +    supplies_data.voltage = 0
 +    wf.supplies.switch(device_data, supplies_data)
 +    wf.supplies.close(device_data)
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print("power supplies stopped")
 +    # close device
 +    wf.device.close(device_data)
 +    if DEBUG:
 +        print("script stopped")
 +</code>
 +<--
 +</WRAP>
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Setting Up the Analog Discovery Pro 3450 (Linux Mode) =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +To be able to run the script without a PC, you will have to boot up the Analog Discovery Pro in Linux Mode. Follow this guide to guide you through the boot process and to connect to the device with a terminal emulator: [[test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:linux-mode|]].
 +
 +The next step is to connect the ADP3450 to the internet. Follow this guide for the detailed steps: [[test-and-measurement:analog-discovery-pro-3x50:connect-to-the-internet|]].
 +
 +Python 3 is already installed on the device, but there are some additional packages, which you will have to install. First install the Python package installer (pip) with the following command (use SSH to send commands to the ADP):
 +<code>sudo apt install python3-pip</code>
 +
 +Don't forget to install the HAL created for the WaveForms SDK. You can copy the necessary files in the same directory where the project files are, or you can use the following command to install it from GitHub:
 +<code>sudo pip3 install git+https://github.com/Digilent/WaveForms-SDK-Getting-Started-PY#egg=WF_SDK</code>
 +
 +Run the script on boot, by entering these commands in the terminal:
 +<code>
 +sudo su
 +cd /etc/systemd/system
 +echo -n "" > lamp.service
 +nano lamp.service
 +</code>
 +In the text editor, enter this snippet as the file's content (don't forget to change the path to the file):
 +<code>
 +[Unit]
 +Description=Smart Lamp Controller
 +
 +[Service]
 +ExecStart=nohup python3 /home/digilent/Smart-Lamp-Controller/Python/Lamp_Controller.py &
 +
 +[Install]
 +WantedBy=multi-user.target
 +</code>
 +Save the file with Ctrl+O and exit with Ctrl+X. Enable and try the service by:
 +<code>
 +systemctl start lamp
 +systemctl enable lamp
 +reboot
 +</code>
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Tuning and Testing =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +Start the script, then start the application on your phone. Wait until the phone discovers the PMOD BLE, then connect to it. Set the lamp color and luminosity on the sliders of the application.
 +
 +If you want to modify the parameters of the script, stop it with Ctrl+C, modify the parameters, then restart the script. Averaging more measurements leads to a more stable result, with a slower update time.
 +</WRAP>
 +----
 +
 +===== Next Steps =====
 +<WRAP group>
 +For more information on WaveForms SDK, see its [[software:waveforms:waveforms-sdk:start|Resource Center]].
 +
 +For technical support, please visit the [[https://forum.digilent.com/forum/8-test-and-measurement/|Test and Measurement]] section of the Digilent Forums.
 +</WRAP>