{"id":32519,"date":"2026-09-28T13:18:11","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T20:18:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/?p=32519"},"modified":"2026-09-28T13:21:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T20:21:45","slug":"the-case-for-real-circuits-in-a-digital-classroom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/the-case-for-real-circuits-in-a-digital-classroom\/","title":{"rendered":"The Case for Real Circuits in a Digital Classroom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">At OTH Regensburg, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heiko Unold has spent years finding new ways to connect engineering theory with hands-on experimentation. By integrating the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/digilent.com\/shop\/analog-discovery-3\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Analog Discovery platform<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> across multiple courses, he has helped create a learning environment where students can move seamlessly between classroom concepts and real-world measurements.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Through live demonstrations, breadboard-based experimentation, and interactive laboratory activities, OTH Regensburg has built a scalable approach to hands-on engineering education. The platform now supports coursework ranging from foundational circuit theory to digital systems, communications, and control engineering.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Challenge: Connecting Theory and Practice<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Engineering students are often introduced to theoretical concepts in lecture courses long before they encounter practical applications in the laboratory. This separation can make it difficult to connect mathematical models and abstract concepts with real circuit behavior.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traditional laboratory experiences may also rely on fixed training systems rather than the same components, measurements, and troubleshooting techniques students encounter when building and testing circuits of their own. As a result, students may struggle to see how the concepts learned in class translate into practical engineering work.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Solution: Bringing the Lab Into the Classroom<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">To strengthen the connection between theory and practice, OTH Regensburg incorporated the Analog Discovery platform into classroom demonstrations, laboratory exercises, and course activities across multiple subjects. Used with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/digilent.com\/shop\/waveforms\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">WaveForms software<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, the platform&#8217;s measurement, signal generation, power supply, and digital I\/O capabilities allow students to work with real circuits using a common toolset throughout their academic progression.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The instructional approach emphasizes:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Real hardware rather than purely virtual simulations<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Breadboard-based circuit construction<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Live measurements conducted during lectures<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Student interaction through questions and discussion<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reuse of a common platform across multiple courses<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Progressive development of practical engineering skills<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rather than simply digitizing education, the goal is to preserve authentic hands-on experimentation while making it easier to integrate throughout the curriculum.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Building a Curriculum Around a Common Platform<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rather than limiting the platform to a single laboratory course, OTH Regensburg integrated it across the electrical engineering curriculum, allowing students to build familiarity with the same tools as they progressed through increasingly advanced topics.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5 aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Circuit Analysis and Electronics<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:160,&quot;335559739&quot;:80}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">AC circuits and resonant networks<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Frequency response analysis<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Diode and transistor characterization<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Operational amplifier applications<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Digital and Embedded Systems<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:160,&quot;335559739&quot;:80}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Logic gates and flip-flops<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Counters and multiplexers<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Digital I\/O and pulse-width modulation (PWM)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Data conversion concepts<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Measurement, Communications, and Control<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:160,&quot;335559739&quot;:80}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Oscilloscope fundamentals<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Time- and frequency-domain analysis<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UART and SPI communication<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Signal processing and control systems<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">By encountering the same measurement tools across multiple subjects, students can focus less on learning new equipment and more on understanding engineering concepts and their practical applications.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Example: Bringing PWM from Theory to Practice<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">One laboratory assignment introduces pulse-width modulation (PWM), a fundamental technique used in electronics and embedded systems. Students investigate LED dimming, observe duty-cycle effects, generate PWM representations of analog signals, export and import waveform data, and reconstruct analog signals using filtering techniques.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The exercise combines signal generation, oscilloscope measurements, digital pattern generation, and hands-on circuit construction within a single workflow, helping students connect theoretical concepts to observable results.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Example: Making AC Circuit Analysis Visible<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Another assignment applies the platform to AC circuit analysis using resistors, inductors, and capacitors. Students calculate expected circuit behavior, build physical circuits, capture measurements, compare theoretical predictions with experimental results, and investigate phase relationships using oscilloscope tools.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This approach helps make concepts that are often presented mathematically more visible and intuitive through direct observation and experimentation.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Educational Impact<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:280,&quot;335559739&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">After several years of implementation, the approach had expanded to include approximately ten developed experiments supported by custom software tools and positive student evaluations.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reported benefits include:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Increased opportunities for hands-on learning<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Greater visibility of real-world circuit behavior<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Stronger connections between theoretical and practical concepts<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Consistent tools across multiple courses<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Improved curriculum integration between subjects<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:40}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The work has also been shared through conference presentations and published scholarship focused on engineering pedagogy and teaching methodologies.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Looking Ahead<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prof. Unold has described a future vision in which students receive a portable experimental kit that supports coursework throughout their degree program, giving them access to the same tools across multiple semesters and subject areas.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">While the specific experiments continue to evolve, the underlying goal remains consistent: giving students repeated opportunities to test, measure, and build throughout their education. By using a common platform across multiple courses and semesters, OTH Regensburg has created a model for making hands-on engineering a continuous part of the learning experience rather than an isolated laboratory exercise.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bring More Hands-On Experimentation Into Your Courses<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:80}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Explore the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/digilent.com\/shop\/analog-discovery-3\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Analog Discovery 3<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and free <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/digilent.com\/shop\/waveforms\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">WaveForms software<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> to see how portable instrumentation can support classroom and laboratory learning.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559739&quot;:0}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div class='watch-action'><div class='watch-position align-left'><div class='action-like'><a class='lbg-style6 like-32519 jlk' data-task='like' data-post_id='32519' data-nonce='70b6c965f5' rel='nofollow'><img src='https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/wti-like-post-pro\/images\/pixel.gif' title='Like' \/><span class='lc-32519 lc'>0<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class='action-unlike'><a class='unlbg-style6 unlike-32519 jlk' data-task='unlike' data-post_id='32519' data-nonce='70b6c965f5' rel='nofollow'><img src='https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/wti-like-post-pro\/images\/pixel.gif' title='Unlike' \/><span class='unlc-32519 unlc'>0<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div> <div class='status-32519 status align-left'>Be the 1st to vote.<\/div><\/div><div class='wti-clear'><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At OTH Regensburg, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heiko Unold has spent years finding new ways to connect engineering theory with hands-on experimentation. By integrating the Analog Discovery platform across multiple courses, he &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":32642,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[18,4267,4326],"tags":[5596,5598,4433,5595,4751,5388,4775,5597,5402,5008,3431,5594,5325,5599,5146],"ppma_author":[4458],"class_list":["post-32519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academia","category-featured","category-teaching-training","tag-active-learning","tag-analog-circuits","tag-analog-discovery-3","tag-circuit-theory","tag-digital-electronics","tag-electrical-engineering-education","tag-engineering-education","tag-engineering-labs","tag-experiential-learning","tag-hands-on-learning","tag-portable-instrumentation","tag-practical-electronics","tag-stem-education","tag-university-engineering-curriculum","tag-waveforms-software"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/case-for-real-circuits.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"authors":[{"term_id":4458,"user_id":64,"is_guest":0,"slug":"kdokes","display_name":"Kyli Dokes","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cdb921328f1f23c751c9aa761dd1673ff76a87dbdf54738433573ad284fc2f12?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"Dokes","last_name_2":"","first_name":"Kyli","first_name_2":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/64"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32519"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32519\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32641,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32519\/revisions\/32641"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32519"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=32519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}