{"id":30037,"date":"2023-08-24T16:07:03","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T23:07:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/?p=30037"},"modified":"2023-08-29T11:42:08","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T18:42:08","slug":"extending-channel-counts-by-using-dual-mode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/extending-channel-counts-by-using-dual-mode\/","title":{"rendered":"Extending Channel Counts by Using Dual Mode"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dual mode is a newly introduced feature of WaveForms that came out when the AD3 launched. It allows you to connect two of the same kind of Mixed Signal Oscilloscope together and synchronize their acquisitions so that you can double the channel count of your acquisition system. It is supported for analog inputs, analog outputs, and digital inputs and outputs.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Note that this feature has been implemented for many of our mixed signal oscilloscopes, including the Analog Discovery Pro 3000-Series \u2013 Two ADP3450s can be connected to create an 8-channel scope system! Details of what connections are necessary may differ based on different hardware \u2013 3000 Series devices can be connected using a pair of short coax BNC cables.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This post will demonstrate how to set up Dual mode with a pair of AD3\u2019s and how to configure the system to account for clock delay. This feature is supported in 3.20.1, the latest WaveForms release at time of writing. Some further improvements are available in a beta version of WaveForms, 3.20.15, which introduced degree units as a phase adjustment option is used throughout this guide. Beta versions are distributed through the Digilent Forum: https:\/\/forum.digilent.com\/topic\/8908-waveforms-beta-download\/. <\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Guide<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Hardware Setup<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

To use Dual mode, you need to connect the external trigger pins of the two devices. Connect T1 to T1 and T2 to T2. The T1 signal will be used to pass a reference clock between the devices, which ensures that they use the same clock source. T2 will be used to pass the selected trigger source between devices so that they start their acquisitions at the same time. Their grounds should be connected to minimize crosstalk. Additional reduction in crosstalk can be achieved by using a twisted wire pair for the T1 reference clock signal. With MTE cables, you can twist a ground wire together with the clock. For best performance, keep the cables as short as possible.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Software Setup<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

Select the first device that you want to be the host device; it does not matter which device you choose.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click the \u201cSelect + Dual\u201d option and choose the second identical device. Follow the listed instructions of connecting Trigger 1 to Trigger 1, Trigger 2 to Trigger 2, and a ground pin between the two devices.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Open the Scope instrument.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Within the Scope instrument, you\u2019ll now see the secondary set of analog inputs from the additional device, marked as Channel 3 (+1\u00b1) and Channel 4 (+2\u00b1)<\/span> for a pair of Analog Discovery 3s as shown below. Take note of some other indicators along the bottom of the screen, showing which devices are selected, additional device settings, and device status, in that order.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Despite the two devices now connected and sharing a reference clock and trigger line, there may still be some phase differences between the two devices due to the propagation delay of the reference clock from the primary device to the secondary device. Without any adjustment, the same signal being sent to both devices will appear to have a delay, such as this one with a ~2.5<\/span>ns skew. In this case, we measure the skew by taking the difference in time between when the two captured signals cross 0 V.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Such skew very whoa.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

We can correct for that providing a phase adjustment; you can find the \u201cPhase\u201d setting in the Device Options dropdown (the 100 MHz button) at the bottom of the window. This lets you manually adjust the clock for the second device, so that data is sampled slightly earlier with respect to a clock edge than it is on the other device. This accounts for the propagation delay from one device to the other – because the clock arrives to the second device later than the first, the second device needs to sample earlier than the first, so that the samples are taken at approximately the same time.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

To select an appropriate phase offset for the clock signals a shared signal source should be used to test out the system. In the photo below, you can see the same analog output channel from one device providing a stimulus signal to scope channel 1 of both devices. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A square wave is well suited to be a test signal for this since it\u2019s easier to compare when a rising edge crosses a particular threshold than it is to compare two slowly-rising signals. For most of the experiment, we\u2019ll want to be zoomed in very closely on the trigger point, but first, to check that we\u2019re getting data through the loopback, see below:<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Next, we\u2019ll zoom in and start adjusting the phase offset between the two devices. But how do we know what value to adjust the phase to? This is going to be a bit of trial and error as it depends on your specific devices and wire setup. To figure this out, it is recommended to compare two channels, one from the primary device and one from the secondary device. Zoom in to a very narrow timebase and have only one channel from each device enabled on the view plot. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

With a trigger condition set for the primary device (such as the trigger for when Channel 1 crosses the 0 V value), you\u2019ll be able to see how many nanoseconds before or after the receiving channel on the secondary device crosses that same threshold.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Adjust the Phase dropdown from the Device Options and see if the signals from the two devices are now crossing the set threshold at nearly the same time; continue adjusting the phase until you are satisfied with the results.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Also, take note of the reference clock option \u2013 it allows you to change the frequency of the clock passed over the T1 trigger line, which is then used to generate the system clock of the other board. Different values may perform better or worse depending on your application.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

As you experiment, don\u2019t forget that you can adjust the ranges of the channels. This can help spread the signal more vertically across the plot and make it easier to discern where the zero crossings are.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

You\u2019ve seen what can be considered a bad phase offset, earlier in this article. So, let’s look at what we can easily obtain after some experimentation. At least for our setup, we got the offset down to <\/span>247.7 ps out of a 10 ns clock period (100 MHz clock), 10x better than what we got with default settings.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

For more of a visual on this process, check out this short video clip:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/phase-recording.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

With that, you’ve now got your hands on an oscilloscope system capable of simultaneously sampling four signals!<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

August 29th, 2023 update from Digilent Staff:\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

This Dual Mode post focused on pairing two identical devices to be able to use them simultaneously within a single instance of WaveForms, but did not address the question of if different devices can be mixed and matched through Dual Mode, such as the Analog Discovery 3 paired with an Analog Discovery 2.<\/p>\n

Mixing and matching devices is not supported within the WaveForms application, although it can be easily done through WaveForms SDK using existing examples such as Device_Synchronization.py.<\/p>\n

Additionally, Dual Mode within the WaveForms application is best supported and used by devices that can use an external reference clock such as the Analog Discovery 3 or the Analog Discovery Pro 3000 series boards. Devices that do not have an external reference clock, such as the Analog Discovery 2 or the Eclypse Z7, while still supported by Dual Mode when a pair of a singular device is used, will eventually have the samples between the two devices shift over time due to differences in jitter between the independent oscillators on each device.<\/p>\n

The Digital Discovery do not have dedicated Trigger I\/O pins nor a reference clock, so Dual Mode is not supported. However, recent versions of the WaveForms software have added 40-bit Logic Analyzer Support for a single Digital Discovery.<\/p>\n

Some additional information about Dual Mode is available from the WaveForms developer on the Forum here: https:\/\/forum.digilent.com\/topic\/25957-digital-discovery-portable-usb-logic-analyzer-and-digital-pattern-generator\/<\/a>, and the latest version of the WaveForms software that adds support for the 40-bit capture for the Digital Discovery is freely available on the Digilent Forum here: https:\/\/forum.digilent.com\/topic\/8908-waveforms-beta-download\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

0<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>
<\/div><\/div>
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dual mode is a newly introduced feature of WaveForms that came out when the AD3 launched. It allows you to connect two of the same kind of Mixed Signal Oscilloscope … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":52,"featured_media":30088,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4361,4323,4312,1561],"tags":[4432,4393,4364,4511,4379,499,4512,452],"ppma_author":[4462,4469],"class_list":["post-30037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-acquisition","category-software","category-usb-scopes-analyzers-generators","category-applications","tag-ad3","tag-clock","tag-data-acquisition","tag-dual-mode","tag-mixed-signal","tag-oscilloscope","tag-scope","tag-waveforms"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/2023-August-NewsletterImages-DualMode-1080sq3742.png","authors":[{"term_id":4462,"user_id":52,"is_guest":0,"slug":"abrown","display_name":"Arthur Brown","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/60e7f8e1b3a55e2e20ee541df1f393c2acbcee9fd05fd3e38d07e25a2e6fd237?s=96&d=mm&r=g","1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":"","9":"","10":""},{"term_id":4469,"user_id":17,"is_guest":0,"slug":"jamescolvin","display_name":"James Colvin","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8aa85f7d11711acc7e571e1ed26c901b614a7064a2e15e522f54d9f26792ea9e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":"","9":"","10":""}],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/52"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30037"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30037\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30109,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30037\/revisions\/30109"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30088"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30037"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digilent.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=30037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}